Milk Production and Reproductive Performance of Montbeliarde Cows in a Semiarid Area of Algeria

Abstract

The objective of the study was to compare the performances of imported heifers of Montbeliarde breed and three successive generations of cows of the same breed and born in a semiarid area of Algeria. Mean weights of newborns and adults of fourth generation and over were lower than those of the standard breed because of local breeding practices and environmental conditions. The calving interval, milk yield (2200-3250 kg) and lactation length (282-309 days) varied according to the rainfall effect on fodder resources. The milk yield of imported cows was 20 to 30% higher than that of locally born cows, but their reproductive performances were lower. The intervals between calving and fertilization (153 days), and between calvings (441 days) of imported cows were longer by 36-44 days and 41-49 days, respectively. The calving interval of successive generations born locally was similar (392-400 days) and regular, showing reproductive adaptation and similar standard lactation (2755-2811 kg). Real milk yields varied between generations because of variations in the lactation length (279-296 days). The productive period became shorter from one generation to the next, affecting lifetime milk yield and number of calves born. These results specified transformations related to animal material and the limits of the dairy livestock model developed in Algeria.