Open Source for Seeds and Genetic Sequence Data: Practical experience and future strategies
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.19182/agritrop/00063Mots-clés
Seed exchange, open source, intellectual property rights, copyleft, licence, pledge, genetic resource, gentic sequence data, biological material, plant breedingCouverture
Résumé
Version française de l'article
Application of the open source concept to seeds has a promising future. It reverses the logic of the intellectual property system with a renewable stock of open source material kept outside the exclusive intellectual property realm. Legal defensibility may currently be uncertain, but as open source builds a critical mass of practitioners and supporters, wider social legitimacy could strengthen the legal power. Future extension to other subject matter and settings is discussed on the basis of lessons learnt from current open source seed implementation experience in the US, Europe and Africa.
Références
Authors' publications
Coomes O. T., McGuire S., Garine E., Caillon S., McKey D. B., Demeulenaere E., Jarvis D., Aistara G., Barnaud A., Clouvel P., Emperaire L., Louafi S., Martin P., Massol F., Pautasso M., Violon C., Wencelius J., 2015. Farmer seed networks make a limited contribution to agriculture? Four common misconceptions. Food Policy 56: 41-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.07.008
Kloppenburg J., 2014. Re-purposing the master's tools: the open source seed initiative and the struggle for seed sovereignty. The Journal of Peasant Studies 41 (6): 1 225-1 246. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2013.875897
Louafi S., Welch E. W., 2014. Disentangling the debate on open access for meeting global challenges in life science. In: Innovation for sustainable development. Grosclaude J.-Y., Pachauri R. K., Tubiana L. (Eds). TERI Press, New Delhi, p. 145-159. ISBN 978-8179935569. http://agritrop.cirad.fr/573370
Louafi S., Bazile D., Noyer J.-L., 2013. Conserving and cultivating agricultural genetic diversity: transcending established divides. In: Cultivating biodiversity to transform agriculture. Hainzelin É. (Eds). Springer, Dordrecht, p. 181-230. ISBN 978-94-007-7983-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7984-6_6
Luby C. H., Kloppenburg J., Michaels T. E., Goldman I. L., 2015. Enhancing freedom to operate for plant breeders and farmers through open source plant breeding. Crop Science 55 (6): 2 481-2 488. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2014.10.0708
Montenegro de Wit M., 2019. Beating the Bounds: How Does ‘Open Source’ Become a Commons for Seed? The Journal of Peasant Studies 46 (1): 44-79. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2017.1383395
Montenegro de Wit M., 2016. Are We Losing Diversity? Navigating Ecological, Political, and Epistemic Dimensions of Agrobiodiversity Conservation. Agriculture and Human Values 33 (3): 625-640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-015-9642-7
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