Surveillance de la photobactériose chez la daurade (<em>Sparus aurata</em>) et le bar (<em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em>) élevés en Tunisie

Kaouthar Maatouk; Sami Zaafrane; Hedia Attia El Hili

doi:10.19182/remvt.36981

Autores/as

K. Maatouk, S. Zaafrane, H. Attia El Hili

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.36981

Palabras clave

Dicentrarchus labrax, Sparus aurata, Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida, enfermedades bacterianas, acuicultura, Túnez

Resumen

Photobacterium damselae subesp. piscicida, responsable de la fotobacteriosis, también conocida como pasteurelosis o pseudotuberculosis, ha sido identificada varias veces en lubinas (Dicentrarchus labrax) y doradas (Sparus aurata) criadas en jaulas marinas en Túnez. El estudio clínico, de lesiones y epidemiológico de esta enfermedad en las dos especies de peces durante el periodo 2010–2020 confirmó que la enfermedad era endémica y se producía a temperaturas del agua de entre 18 y 25 °C. Sin embargo, el número total de muestras contaminadas con P. damselae piscicida fue especialmente elevado en otoño y primavera. Las medias estacionales de mortalidad estaban fuertemente correlacionadas con el número de brotes estacionales de la enfermedad. Además, la bacteriosis afectó principalmente a las doradas jóvenes con un rango de peso que oscilaba entre 5 y 30 g. La comparación del número de peces muertos por especie podría estar sesgada porque las condiciones de vida de la lubina y la dorada eran diferentes. Numerosos estudios han demostrado que otros factores que predisponen a la enfermedad, además de la temperatura del agua, la especie y la edad de los peces, influyen en la aparición de la fotobacteriosis. Desde el punto de vista clínico y de las lesiones, los resultados fueron idénticos en la lubina y la dorada: se encontraron lesiones necróticas y degenerativas en el hígado y el riñón, y se observó un aumento del número de centros de melanomacrófagos en el bazo.

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Afiliaciones

K. Maatouk Institut national des sciences et technologies de la mer, Laboratoire aquaculture, 2025 Tunis, Tunisie
S. Zaafrane Institut national des sciences et technologies de la mer, Laboratoire aquaculture, 2025 Tunis, Tunisie
H. Attia El Hili
hedia.attia@instm.rnrt.tn

Centre national de veille zoosanitaire, Direction de la surveillance zoosanitaire et de l’évaluation, 1082 Tunis, Tunisie

Citas

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