Animal diseases and zoonoses at a municipal slaughterhouse in Southwest Nigeria: Three-year retrospective survey (2014–2016)

Oluwawemimo Oluseun  Adebowale; Olugbemiga Ekundayo; Mary Olasoju; Oladotun Oladipo Oladejo; Ayomikun Abayomi Awoseyi

doi:10.19182/remvt.37013

Autores/as

O.O. Adebowale, O. Ekundayo, M. Olasoju, O.O. Oladejo, A.A. Awoseyi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.37013

Palabras clave

ganado bovino, zoonosis, mataderos, inocuidad alimentaria, Nigeria

Resumen

Los mataderos son lugares certificados donde los animales se sacrifican y se inspeccionan para garantizar que la carne es sana y segura para el consumo público. Para determinar las zoonosis comunes encontradas en un matadero municipal en Abeokuta, Estado de Ogun, Nigeria, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de tres años (2014–2016). Cuando se examinaron los registros del matadero, el número total de bovinos sacrificados fue de 146 794 (4 077,6 ± 413,6; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95 %: 3 923,3–4 206,7). El número de hembras sacrificadas fue superior al de machos, en una proporción de 5:1 (p < 0,0001). El mayor número de bovinos se sacrificó en diciembre de 2014, diciembre de 2015 y agosto de 2016. Entre todos los bovinos sacrificados, las prevalencias globales observadas de la tuberculosis bovina (TBB), la hidatidosis y la fasciolosis se estimaron en 9 514 (6,5 %, 264,3 ± 81,7; IC 95 % 236,6–291,9), 1 851 (1,3 %, 55,8 ± 17,3; IC 95 % 49,9–61,6) y 845 (0,6 %, mediana = 19,0; IC 95 % 18,7-28,3) respectivamente. Por término medio, el mayor número de casos de TBB se registró en febrero-marzo, disminuyó ligeramente en octubre y volvió a aumentar en noviembre. Asimismo, las cifras más altas de hidatidosis y fasciolosis se observaron en marzo y febrero, respectivamente. Se encontró una variación media significativa (p = 0,02) en los casos de TBB a lo largo de todo el periodo y fue mayor (p = 0,03) durante la estación húmeda/lluviosa de 2015. Nuestros resultados pusieron de manifiesto la necesidad de promover una vigilancia activa coordinada para la detección y atenuación de las zoonosis con el fin de garantizar la seguridad alimentaria en las explotaciones ganaderas y los mataderos. El registro adecuado de las condenas específicas de órganos/carnes/carcasas es crucial en el período post mórtem, ya que esto representa una pérdida significativa de proteínas animales y de ingresos. Estos datos pueden utilizarse para una política informada que permita reducir aún más las pérdidas económicas derivadas de las enfermedades animales.

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Afiliaciones

O.O. Adebowale
oluwawemimo1@yahoo.com
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
O. Ekundayo School of Allied Health, College of Health and Human Services, Northern Kentucky University, KY, USA
M. Olasoju Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
O.O. Oladejo Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
A.A. Awoseyi Department of Physical and Mathematical Science, College of Sciences, Dominican University, Ibadan, Oyo State

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