Les dominantes du parasitisme helminthique chez les bovins, ovins et caprins en Guinée maritime, République de Guinée

Abstract

The inventory, worm burdens and seasonal evolution of gastrointestinal nematode populations in livestock in Maritime Guinea have been studied by way of postmortem examination on 99 cattle, 100 goats et 95 sheep and faecal egg count in 200 calves less than 50 days old. Postmortem examinations revealed 98% and 99% infestation rates in cattle and small ruminants, respectively. Haemonchus sp. and Cooperia spp. were the most prevalent adult nematodes in cattle with prevalences of 80 and 75%, respectively. In sheep, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Cooperia spp. and Haemonchus sp. were the most common adult nematodes with respective prevalences of 88, 84 and 48%. In goats, T. colubriformis (92%) et Haemonchus sp. (81%) were with Oesophagostomum sp. (78%) the three main nematode genera. Of the 200 faecal samples from young calves 42% contained oxocara vitulorum eggs and 46% of the same samples contained Strongyloides papillosus eggs. The absence of Fasciola spp. and Schistosoma spp. as well as the low prevalence of intramucous larval populations were worth notice. These results and the worm burdens found demonstrate the importance of nematodosis as a constraint to improving livestock productivity in the study area. Based on these results, a deworming calendar is proposed in the conclusion.