Seasonal prevalence of the larvae of the nasal fly (Cephalopina titillator) in camels in Jordan

Abstract

The seasonal prevalence of the larvae of Cephalopina titillator infesting camels was studied at Ramtha slaughterhouse in Jordan. Of the 97 camels examined, 45 were infested (46%). Larvae were found every month of the year with the highest infestation rate in January and the lowest between May and July. The number of recovered larvae ranged from 12 to 113, with an average of 43. Most larvae were attached to the mucosa of the nasopharynx, whereas a few were found in the nasal cavity. Most first-instar larvae were found in the labyrinth of the ethmoid bone, whereas second- and third-instar larvae were mainly seen in the pharyngeal cavity. Degenerated larvae were also observed in the frontal and nasal sinuses.