The lesions of the velogenic newcastle disease virus infection in the lymphoid organs suppress antibody response to infectious bronchitis vaccination in La Sota vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens

Didacus Chukwuemeka  Eze; Jacinta Ngozi Omeke; Amarachukwu Olejieme Igwe; Halima  Idrisa  Gambo; John Osita Arinze  Okoye

doi:10.19182/remvt.37594

Auteurs

D.C. Eze, J.N. Omeke, A.O. Igwe, H.I. Gambo, J.O.A. Okoye

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.37594

Mots-clés

Poulet, maldie de Newcastle, bronchite infectieuse aviaire, vaccin, immunodépression, Nigeria

Résumé

Contexte : La maladie de Newcastle vélogène (vND) est une maladie majeure de la volaille dans le monde entier. L’atrophie des organes lymphoïdes est l’une des lésions courantes de la maladie. Objectif : Ce projet a étudié la capacité de ces lésions à supprimer la réponse des anticorps à la vaccination contre la bronchite infectieuse (BI) chez les poulets vaccinés et non vaccinés contre la maladie de Newcastle avec le vaccin La Sota. Méthodes : Cent cinquante coquelets âgés de 2 semaines ont été divisés en 3 groupes, à savoir : un groupe vacciné et challengé (VC), un groupe non vacciné et challengé (UC) et un groupe non vacciné et non challengé (UU). Le groupe VC a reçu le vaccin La Sota à l’âge de 2 semaines. À l’âge de 4 semaines, tous les groupes ont été exposés au virus vND. Résultats : La mortalité était de 82 % dans le groupe UC avec des lésions dans les organes digestifs et lymphoïdes. Le groupe VC n’a montré aucun signe clinique mais a présenté une atrophie sévère et une nécrose des organes lymphoïdes. Quinze poulets des groupes VC et UU et quinze poulets du groupe UC ont été vaccinés avec le vaccin contre la bronchite infectieuse à 14 et 28 jours après le test. Après chaque vaccination, du sang a été prélevé sur les poulets les 7e, 14e, 21e et 28e jours après la vaccination et les sérums ont été analysés pour déterminer les titres en anticorps BI. Les résultats ont montré que les titres des poulets UU étaient significativement plus élevés (p < 0,05) que ceux des poulets VC et UC pout presque tous les jours testés. Conclusions : On peut conclure que l’infection par le virus de la vND a supprimé la réponse des anticorps à la vaccination contre la bronchite infectieuse chez les poulets vaccinés et non vaccinés.

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Affiliations

D.C. Eze Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
J.N. Omeke
jacinta.omeke@unn.edu.ng

Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
A.O. Igwe Department of Veterinary Pathology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
H.I. Gambo Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Bornu State, Nigeria
J.O.A. Okoye

Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria

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