Épidémiologie des helminthes gastro-intestinaux chez les poulets (Gallus domesticus) de l'État de Borno, au nord-est du Nigéria : Prévalence, charge helminthique et facteurs de risque associés

Auteurs

    J.R. Lawal, S.M. Jajere, U. Isa Ibrahim, A. Abubakar Biu, D. Jonathan

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.37127

Mots-clés


Volailles, parasitologie, helminthose, Cestode, Nematode, Nigéria

Résumé

L’objectif de cette étude était d’analyser l’épidémiologie des helminthes gastro-intestinaux parmi les races locales et exotiques de poulets dans l’État de Borno, au nord-est du Nigéria. Des échantillons de fientes fraîches (n=800) ont été prélevés sur des oiseaux dans plusieurs marchés de volailles vivantes (métropole de Maiduguri, zones de gouvernement local de Jere et Bama) et dans des centres vétérinaires. Ils ont été analysés selon les techniques parasitologiques standard. Au total, 438 échantillons présentaient un ou plusieurs helminthes, soit une prévalence globale de 54,8 % (95% IC:[51,3 - 58,2]). Il s’agissait de cinq nématodes, Ascaridia galli (14,6 %), Heterakis gallinarum (9,8 %), Capillaria spp. (5,5 %), Strongyloides avium (4,1 %), Subulura brumpti et de trois cestodes, Raillietina tetragona (6,6 %), Raillietina echinobothrida (3,5 %), Davainea proglottina (2,1 %). Ascaridia galli était l’helminthe le plus fréquent et Davainea proglottina le moins fréquent. Les variables épidémiologiques, telles que le sexe (femelle), l'âge (adultes > 5 mois), la saison (pluies), l'état de santé (volailles cliniquement malades), la race (volailles de la région) et le lieu d'étude (centres vétérinaires) présentaient un impact significativement élevé (p<0,0001) sur la prévalence d’helminthes. Des infections helminthiques simples et mixtes ont été observées. La co-infection Ascaridia galli et Heterakis gallinarum était fréquente, tandis que les infections Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum et Capillaria spp. étaient moins courantes. Afin d’améliorer la lutte contre les parasites dans les systèmes de gestion des volailles et de produire des poulets sains pour la consommation humaine, un plan de lutte à long terme contre les infections par les helminthes gastrointestinaux dans le système de production de volailles est recommandé.

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Affiliations

  • J.R. Lawal
    rabanajallailudeen@yahoo.com
    Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, , Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
  • S.M. Jajere
    Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, , Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
  • U. Isa Ibrahim Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
  • A. Abubakar Biu Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, , Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
  • D. Jonathan Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, , Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

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© JR Lawal

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Reçu

25-03-2023

Accepté

06-09-2023

Publié

15-11-2023

Comment citer

Lawal, J. R., Jajere, S. M., Isa Ibrahim, U., Abubakar Biu, A., & Jonathan, D. (2023). Épidémiologie des helminthes gastro-intestinaux chez les poulets (Gallus domesticus) de l’État de Borno, au nord-est du Nigéria : Prévalence, charge helminthique et facteurs de risque associés. Revue d’élevage Et De médecine vétérinaire Des Pays Tropicaux, 76, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.37127

Numéro

Vol. 76 (2023)

Rubrique

Santé animale et épidémiologie

Catégories

Licence

© J.R. Lawal et al., publié par CIRAD 2023

Creative Commons License

Ce travail est disponible sous la licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International .

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