Revue systématique des plantes médicinales antipaludiques utilisées en République démocratique du Congo

Auteurs

Butoto Imani Wa RUSAATI
School of Forest Sciences and Land Architecture College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea -- Research Centre of Natural Sciences (CRSN/Lwiro) Department of Biology DS Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo
Arusi Patience GENDUSA
Independent Researcher
Sung-Hyun JOO
School of Forest Sciences and Land Architecture College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
Joo Won PARK
School of Forest Sciences and Land Architecture College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
Cephas Ndabaga MASUMBUKO
Official University of Bukavu Department of Biology BP 570, Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo
Gentil Iragi KABOYI
Research Centre of Natural Sciences (CRSN/Lwiro) Department of Biology DS Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo
Koto-te-Nyiwa NGBOLUA
University of Kinshasa Department of Biology BP 127, Kinshasa XI Democratic Republic of Congo
Astrid Matendo FURAHA
Higher Institute of Rural Development of Bukavu Department of Environnement and Sustainable Development BP 2849, Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo
Nkulu Kabange ROLLY
Ministry of Agriculture National Seed Service (SENASEM) National Seed Laboratory BP 904 KIN1, Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo --- National Institute of Crop Science Department of Southern Area Crop Science RDA, Miryang 50424 Republic of Korea
Jun Won KANG
School of Forest Sciences and Land Architecture College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.19182/bft2021.347.a31882

Mots-clés


traitement antipaludique, ethnomédecine, plantes médicinales, étude systématique, République démocratique du Congo.

Résumé

En République démocratique du Congo (RDC), le paludisme est transmis par un parasite appelé Plasmodium falciparum. Le paludisme représente un problème majeur de santé publique dans ce pays en provoquant la mort de dizaines de milliers de personnes chaque année, en milieu urbain et rural. Des médicaments antipaludiques sont couramment utilisés mais des cas avérés de résistance à ces médicaments représentent un obstacle important à la lutte contre le paludisme. Il est donc impératif d'identifier de nouvelles molécules bioactives pouvant s'y substituer. De nombreuses plantes médicinales ayant des propriétés diverses s'utilisent en RDC pour traiter différentes maladies, dont le paludisme. Le présent article propose une revue systématique des ressources végétales antipaludiques en RDC. Sur la base de 28 articles sur l'ethnomédecine publiés entre 2001 et 2019, 232 espèces végétales appartenant à 67 familles de végétaux et identifiées dans 13 provinces ont été répertoriées pour le traitement du paludisme. De nombreuses espèces appartiennent aux familles des Fabacées, Astéracées, Euphorbiacées, Rubiacées et Apocyanacées. Les espèces dont l'utilisation est citée pour plus de trois provinces comprennent Cymbopogon citratus, Vernonia amygdalina, Rauvolfia vomitoria et Catharanthus roseus. La plupart des espèces identifiées comme plantes antipaludiques sont des essences ligneuses, principalement des phanérophytes. D'autre part, les principaux ingrédients identifiés pour la préparation des remèdes sont les feuilles, utilisées en décoction le plus souvent administrée par voie orale.

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Références

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2020-06-19

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RUSAATI, B. I. W., GENDUSA, A. P. ., JOO, . S.-H. ., PARK, J. W., MASUMBUKO , C. N. ., KABOYI, G. I., NGBOLUA, K.- te-N. ., FURAHA , A. M. ., ROLLY, N. K. ., & KANG, J. W. (2021). Revue systématique des plantes médicinales antipaludiques utilisées en République démocratique du Congo. BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES, 347, 13–29. https://doi.org/10.19182/bft2021.347.a31882