Diversité génétique de dix peuplements de Tetraclinis articulata au Maroc révélée par marqueurs microsatellites (ISSR)

Auteurs

Meryem MAKKAOUI
Forest Research Center Silviculture Department Molecular Biology Laboratory PO Box 763, Rabat Morocco - Mohamed V University Faculty of Sciences. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory PO Box 1014, Rabat Morocco
Younes ABBAS
Sultan Moulay Slimane University Polydisciplinary Faculty Polyvalent Laboratory R&D – Mghila PO Box 592, Beni Mellal Morocco
Salwa EL ANTRY-TAZY
Forest Research Center Silviculture Department Molecular Biology Laboratory PO Box 763, Rabat Morocco
Leila MEDRAOUI
Mohamed V University Faculty of Sciences. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory PO Box 1014, Rabat Morocco
Mohammed ALAMI
Mohamed V University Faculty of Sciences. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory PO Box 1014, Rabat Morocco
Selouka RABANI
Mohamed V University Faculty of Sciences. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory PO Box 1014, Rabat Morocco
Abdelkarim FILALI-MALTOUF
Mohamed V University Faculty of Sciences. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory PO Box 1014, Rabat Morocco

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.19182/bft2020.345.a31927

Mots-clés


Tetraclinis articulata, variation génétique, fragmentation, ISSR, conservation, Maroc

Résumé

Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters est une des essences forestières les plus importantes pour le Maroc. Elle se trouve ponctuellement à Malte et en Espagne, ce qui témoigne d'une capacité significative d'adaptation à différentes conditions bioclimatiques. Cependant, cette essence est menacée par la fragmentation anthropogène, l'exploitation forestière et sa marginalisation par les pouvoirs publics, ce qui risque de conduire à la perte irrémédiable de cette ressource. La présente étude évalue la diversité génétique et la structure génétique de dix peuplements marocains de T. articulata à l'aide de quinze marqueurs microsatellites (ISSR). Ceux-ci ont généré 271 fragments polymorphes avec une moyenne de 18,06 par amorce et révèlent un polymorphisme à 79,59 %. Les 129 individus montrent un niveau de diversité génétique élevé (Hs = 0,221 ; Ht = 0,254) et 85 % de variation génétique au sein des peuplements. Cependant, le niveau de différenciation génétique est faible (Gst = 0,13), ce qui correspond à l'absence de corrélation entre les distances génétiques et géographiques révélées par le test de Mantel, qui se traduit par un flux génique élevé (Nm = 3,294). Les méthodes PCoA et neighbour-joining produisent un classement des dix peuplements sous l'effet d'un climat continental ou marin. Comparé à d'autres conifères, la diversité génétique actuelle et la structure populationnelle de T. articulata indiquent un patrimoine génétique important qui nécessite des stratégies de conservation efficaces.

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Publié

2020-10-26

Comment citer

MAKKAOUI, M., ABBAS, Y., EL ANTRY-TAZY, S. ., MEDRAOUI, L., ALAMI, M., RABANI, S., & FILALI-MALTOUF, A. (2020). Diversité génétique de dix peuplements de Tetraclinis articulata au Maroc révélée par marqueurs microsatellites (ISSR). BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES, 345, 15–25. https://doi.org/10.19182/bft2020.345.a31927

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